����JFIFXX�����    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222����"��4�� ���,�PG"Z_�4�˷����kjز�Z�,F+��_z�,�© �����zh6�٨�ic�fu���#ډb���_�N�?��wQ���5-�~�I���8����TK<5o�Iv-�����k�_U_�����~b�M��d����Ӝ�U�Hh��?]��E�w��Q���k�{��_}qFW7HTՑ��Y��F�?_�'ϔ��_�Ջt��=||I ��6�έ"�����D���/[�k�9���Y�8ds|\���Ҿp6�Ҵ���]��.����6�z<�v��@]�i%��$j��~�g��J>��no����pM[me�i$[����s�o�ᘨ�˸ nɜG-�ĨU�ycP�3.DB�li�;��hj���x7Z^�N�h������N3u{�:j�x�힞��#M&��jL P@_���� P��&��o8������9�����@Sz6�t7#O�ߋ �s}Yf�T���lmr����Z)'N��k�۞p����w\�Tȯ?�8`�O��i{wﭹW�[�r�� ��Q4F�׊���3m&L�=��h3����z~��#�\�l :�F,j@�� ʱ�wQT����8�"kJO���6�֚l����}���R�>ډK���]��y����&����p�}b��;N�1�m�r$�|��7�>e�@B�TM*-iH��g�D�)� E�m�|�ؘbҗ�a��Ҿ����t4���o���G��*oCN�rP���Q��@z,|?W[0�����:�n,jWiE��W��$~/�hp\��?��{(�0���+�Y8rΟ�+����>S-S����VN;�}�s?.����� w�9��˟<���Mq4�Wv'��{)0�1mB��V����W[�����8�/<� �%���wT^�5���b��)iM� pg�N�&ݝ��VO~�q���u���9� ����!��J27����$O-���! �:�%H��� ـ����y�ΠM=t{!S�� oK8������t<����è:a������[�����ա�H���~��w��Qz`�po�^ ����Q��n� �,uu�C�$ ^���,������8�#��:�6��e�|~���!�3�3.�\0��q��o�4`.|� ����y�Q�`~;�d�ׯ,��O�Zw�������`73�v�܋�<���Ȏ�� ـ4k��5�K�a�u�=9Yd��$>x�A�&�� j0� ���vF��� Y�|�y��� ~�6�@c��1vOp�Ig����4��l�OD���L����� R���c���j�_�uX6��3?nk��Wy�f;^*B� ��@�~a�`��Eu������+���6�L��.ü>��}y���}_�O�6�͐�:�YrG�X��kG�����l^w���~㒶sy��Iu�!� W ��X��N�7BV��O��!X�2����wvG�R�f�T#�����t�/?���%8�^�W�aT��G�cL�M���I��(J����1~�8�?aT ���]����AS�E��(��*E}� 2��#I/�׍qz��^t�̔���b�Yz4x���t�){ OH��+(E��A&�N�������XT��o��"�XC��'���)}�J�z�p� ��~5�}�^����+�6����w��c��Q�|Lp�d�H��}�(�.|����k��c4^�"�����Z?ȕ ��a<�L�!039C� �Eu�C�F�Ew�ç ;�n?�*o���B�8�bʝ���'#Rqf���M}7����]����s2tcS{�\icTx;�\��7K���P���ʇ Z O-��~��c>"��?�������P��E��O�8��@�8��G��Q�g�a�Վ���󁶠�䧘��_%#r�>�1�z�a��eb��qcPѵ��n���#L��� =��׀t� L�7�`��V���A{�C:�g���e@�w1 Xp3�c3�ġ����p��M"'-�@n4���fG��B3�DJ�8[Jo�ߐ���gK)ƛ��$���� ���8�3�����+���� �����6�ʻ���� ���S�kI�*KZlT _`���?��K����QK�d����B`�s}�>���`��*�>��,*@J�d�oF*����弝��O}�k��s��]��y�ߘ��c1G�V���<=�7��7����6�q�PT��tXԀ�!9*4�4Tހ3XΛex�46���Y��D ����� �BdemDa����\�_l,��G�/���֌7���Y�](�xTt^%�GE�����4�}bT���ڹ�����;Y)���B�Q��u��>J/J �⮶.�XԄ��j�ݳ�+E��d ��r�5�_D�1 ��o�� �B�x�΢�#���<��W�����8���R6�@g�M�.��� dr�D��>(otU��@x=��~v���2� ӣ�d�oBd��3�eO�6�㣷�����ݜ6��6Y��Qz`��S��{���\P�~z m5{J/L��1������<�e�ͅPu�b�]�ϔ���'������f�b� Zpw��c`"��i���BD@:)ִ�:�]��hv�E�w���T�l��P���"Ju�}��وV J��G6��. J/�Qgl߭�e�����@�z�Zev2u�)]կ�����7x���s�M�-<ɯ�c��r�v�����@��$�ޮ}lk���a���'����>x��O\�ZFu>�����ck#��&:��`�$�ai�>2Δ����l���oF[h��lE�ܺ�Πk:)���`�� $[6�����9�����kOw�\|���8}������ބ:��񶐕��I�A1/�=�2[�,�!��.}gN#�u����b��� ~��݊��}34q����d�E��Lc��$��"�[q�U�硬g^��%B �z���r�pJ�ru%v\h1Y�ne`ǥ:g���pQM~�^�Xi� ��`S�:V29.�P���V�?B�k�� AEvw%�_�9C�Q����wKekPؠ�\�;Io d�{ ߞo�c1eP����\� `����E=���@K<�Y���eڼ�J���w����{av�F�'�M�@/J��+9p���|]�����Iw &`��8���&M�hg��[�{��Xj��%��Ӓ�$��(����ʹN���<>�I���RY���K2�NPlL�ɀ)��&e����B+ь����( � �JTx���_?EZ� }@ 6�U���뙢ط�z��dWI�n` D����噥�[��uV��"�G&Ú����2g�}&m��?ċ�"����Om#��������� ��{�ON��"S�X��Ne��ysQ���@Fn��Vg���dX�~nj�]J�<�K]:��FW��b�������62�=��5f����JKw��bf�X�55��~J �%^����:�-�QIE��P��v�nZum� z � ~ə ���� ���ة����;�f��\v���g�8�1��f24;�V���ǔ�)����9���1\��c��v�/'Ƞ�w�������$�4�R-��t���� e�6�/�ġ �̕Ecy�J���u�B���<�W�ַ~�w[B1L۲�-JS΂�{���΃������A��20�c#��@ 0!1@AP"#2Q`$3V�%45a6�FRUq��� ����^7ׅ,$n�������+��F�`��2X'��0vM��p�L=������5��8������u�p~���.�`r�����\���O��,ư�0oS ��_�M�����l���4�kv\JSd���x���SW�<��Ae�IX����������$I���w�:S���y���›R��9�Q[���,�5�;�@]�%���u�@ *ro�lbI �� ��+���%m:�͇ZV�����u�̉����θau<�fc�.����{�4Ա� �Q����*�Sm��8\ujqs]{kN���)qO�y�_*dJ�b�7���yQqI&9�ԌK!�M}�R�;������S�T���1���i[U�ɵz�]��U)V�S6���3$K{�ߊ<�(� E]Զ[ǼENg�����'�\?#)Dkf��J���o��v���'�%ƞ�&K�u�!��b�35LX�Ϸ��63$K�a�;�9>,R��W��3�3� d�JeTYE.Mϧ��-�o�j3+y��y^�c�������VO�9NV\nd�1 ��!͕_)a�v;����թ�M�lWR1��)El��P;��yوÏ�u 3�k�5Pr6<�⒲l�!˞*��u־�n�!�l:����UNW ��%��Chx8vL'��X�@��*��)���̮��ˍ��� ���D-M�+J�U�kvK����+�x8��cY������?�Ԡ��~3mo��|�u@[XeY�C�\Kp�x8�oC�C�&����N�~3-H���� ��MX�s�u<`���~"WL��$8ξ��3���a�)|:@�m�\���^�`�@ҷ)�5p+��6���p�%i)P M���ngc�����#0Aruz���RL+xSS?���ʮ}()#�t��mˇ!��0}}y����<�e� �-ή�Ԩ��X������ MF���ԙ~l L.3���}�V뽺�v�����멬��Nl�)�2����^�Iq��a��M��qG��T�����c3#������3U�Ǎ���}��לS�|qa��ڃ�+���-��2�f����/��bz��ڐ�� �ݼ[2�ç����k�X�2�* �Z�d���J�G����M*9W���s{��w���T��x��y,�in�O�v��]���n����P�$�JB@=4�OTI�n��e�22a\����q�d���%�$��(���:���: /*�K[PR�fr\nڙdN���F�n�$�4�[�� U�zƶ����� �mʋ���,�ao�u 3�z� �x��Kn����\[��VFmbE;�_U��&V�Gg�]L�۪&#n%�$ɯ�dG���D�TI=�%+AB�Ru#��b4�1�»x�cs�YzڙJG��f��Il��d�eF'T� iA��T���uC�$����Y��H?����[!G`}���ͪ� �纤Hv\������j�Ex�K���!���OiƸ�Yj�+u-<���'q����uN�*�r\��+�]���<�wOZ.fp�ێ��,-*)V?j-kÊ#�`�r��dV����(�ݽBk�����G�ƛk�QmUڗe��Z���f}|����8�8��a���i��3'J�����~G_�^���d�8w������ R�`(�~�.��u���l�s+g�bv���W���lGc}��u���afE~1�Ue������Z�0�8�=e�� f@/�jqEKQQ�J��oN��J���W5~M>$6�Lt�;$ʳ{���^��6�{����v6���ķܰg�V�cnn �~z�x�«�,2�u�?cE+Ș�H؎�%�Za�)���X>uW�Tz�Nyo����s���FQƤ��$��*�&�LLXL)�1�" L��eO��ɟ�9=���:t��Z���c��Ž���Y?�ӭV�wv�~,Y��r�ۗ�|�y��GaF�����C�����.�+� ���v1���fήJ�����]�S��T��B��n5sW}y�$��~z�'�c ��8 ��� ,! �p��VN�S��N�N�q��y8z˱�A��4��*��'������2n<�s���^ǧ˭P�Jޮɏ�U�G�L�J�*#��<�V��t7�8����TĜ>��i}K%,���)[��z�21z ?�N�i�n1?T�I�R#��m-�����������������1����lA�`��fT5+��ܐ�c�q՝��ʐ��,���3�f2U�եmab��#ŠdQ�y>\��)�SLY����w#��.���ʑ�f��� ,"+�w�~�N�'�c�O�3F�������N<���)j��&��,-� �љ���֊�_�zS���TǦ����w�>��?�������n��U仆�V���e�����0���$�C�d���rP �m�׈e�Xm�Vu� �L��.�bֹ��� �[Դaզ���*��\y�8�Է:�Ez\�0�Kq�C b��̘��cө���Q��=0Y��s�N��S.���3.���O�o:���#���v7�[#߫ ��5�܎�L���Er4���9n��COWlG�^��0k�%<���ZB���aB_���������'=��{i�v�l�$�uC���mƎҝ{�c㱼�y]���W�i ��ߧc��m�H� m�"�"�����;Y�ߝ�Z�Ǔ�����:S#��|}�y�,/k�Ld� TA�(�AI$+I3��;Y*���Z��}|��ӧO��d�v��..#:n��f>�>���ȶI�TX��� 8��y����"d�R�|�)0���=���n4��6ⲑ�+��r<�O�܂~zh�z����7ܓ�HH�Ga롏���nCo�>������a ���~]���R���̲c?�6(�q�;5%� |�uj�~z8R=X��I�V=�|{v�Gj\gc��q����z�؋%M�ߍ����1y��#��@f^���^�>N�����#x#۹��6�Y~�?�dfPO��{��P�4��V��u1E1J �*|���%���JN��`eWu�zk M6���q t[�� ��g�G���v��WIG��u_ft����5�j�"�Y�:T��ɐ���*�;� e5���4����q$C��2d�}���� _S�L#m�Yp��O�.�C�;��c����Hi#֩%+) �Ӎ��ƲV���SYź��g |���tj��3�8���r|���V��1#;.SQ�A[���S������#���`n�+���$��$I �P\[�@�s��(�ED�z���P��])8�G#��0B��[ى��X�II�q<��9�~[Z멜�Z�⊔IWU&A>�P~�#��dp<�?����7���c��'~���5 ��+$���lx@�M�dm��n<=e�dyX��?{�|Aef ,|n3�<~z�ƃ�uۧ�����P��Y,�ӥQ�*g�#먙R�\���;T��i,��[9Qi歉����c>]9�� ��"�c��P�� �Md?٥��If�ت�u��k��/����F��9�c*9��Ǎ:�ØF���z�n*�@|I�ށ9����N3{'��[�'ͬ�Ҳ4��#}��!�V� Fu��,�,mTIk���v C�7v���B�6k�T9��1�*l� '~��ƞF��lU��'�M ����][ΩũJ_�{�i�I�n��$���L�� j��O�dx�����kza۪��#�E��Cl����x˘�o�����V���ɞ�ljr��)�/,�߬h�L��#��^��L�ф�,íMƁe�̩�NB�L�����iL����q�}��(��q��6IçJ$�W�E$��:������=#����(�K�B����zђ <��K(�N�۫K�w��^O{!����)�H���>x�������lx�?>Պ�+�>�W���,Ly!_�D���Ō�l���Q�!�[ �S����J��1��Ɛ�Y}��b,+�Lo�x�ɓ)����=�y�oh�@�꥟/��I��ѭ=��P�y9��� �ۍYӘ�e+�p�Jnϱ?V\SO%�(�t� ���=?MR�[Ș�����d�/ ��n�l��B�7j� ��!�;ӥ�/�[-���A�>�dN�sLj ��,ɪv��=1c�.SQ�O3�U���ƀ�ܽ�E����������̻��9G�ϷD�7(�}��Ävӌ\�y�_0[w ���<΍>����a_��[0+�L��F.�޺��f�>oN�T����q;���y\��bՃ��y�jH�<|q-eɏ�_?_9+P���Hp$�����[ux�K w�Mw��N�ی'$Y2�=��q���KB��P��~������Yul:�[<����F1�2�O���5=d����]Y�sw:���Ϯ���E��j,_Q��X��z`H1,#II ��d�wr��P˂@�ZJV����y$�\y�{}��^~���[:N����ߌ�U�������O��d�����ؾe��${p>G��3c���Ė�lʌ�� ת��[��`ϱ�-W����dg�I��ig2��� ��}s ��ؤ(%#sS@���~���3�X�nRG�~\jc3�v��ӍL��M[JB�T��s3}��j�Nʖ��W����;7��ç?=X�F=-�=����q�ߚ���#���='�c��7���ڑW�I(O+=:uxq�������������e2�zi+�kuG�R��������0�&e�n���iT^J����~\jy���p'dtG��s����O��3����9* �b#Ɋ�� p������[Bws�T�>d4�ۧs���nv�n���U���_�~,�v����ƜJ1��s�� �QIz��)�(lv8M���U=�;����56��G���s#�K���MP�=��LvyGd��}�VwWBF�'�à �?MH�U�g2�� ����!�p�7Q��j��ڴ����=��j�u��� Jn�A s���uM������e��Ɔ�Ҕ�!)'��8Ϣ�ٔ��ޝ(��Vp���צ֖d=�IC�J�Ǡ{q������kԭ�߸���i��@K����u�|�p=..�*+����x�����z[Aqġ#s2a�Ɗ���RR�)*HRsi�~�a &f��M��P����-K�L@��Z��Xy�'x�{}��Zm+���:�)�) IJ�-i�u���� ���ܒH��'�L(7�y�GӜq���� j��� 6ߌg1�g�o���,kر���tY�?W,���p���e���f�OQS��!K�۟cҒA�|ս�j�>��=⬒��˧L[�� �߿2JaB~R��u�:��Q�] �0H~���]�7��Ƽ�I���(}��cq '�ήET���q�?f�ab���ӥvr� �)o��-Q��_'����ᴎo��K������;��V���o��%���~OK ����*��b�f:���-ťIR��`B�5!RB@���ï�� �u �̯e\�_U�_������� g�ES��3�������QT��a����x����U<~�c?�*�#]�MW,[8O�a�x��]�1bC|踤�P��lw5V%�)�{t�<��d��5���0i�XSU��m:��Z�┵�i�"��1�^B�-��P�hJ��&)O��*�D��c�W��vM��)����}���P��ܗ-q����\mmζZ-l@�}��a��E�6��F�@��&Sg@���ݚ�M����� ȹ 4����#p�\H����dYDo�H���"��\��..R�B�H�z_�/5˘����6��KhJR��P�mƶi�m���3�,#c�co��q�a)*Pt����R�m�k�7x�D�E�\Y�閣_X�<���~�)���c[[�BP����6�Yq���S��0����%_����;��Àv�~�| VS؇ ��'O0��F0��\���U�-�d@�����7�SJ*z��3n��y��P����O���������m�~�P�3|Y��ʉr#�C�<�G~�.,! ���bqx���h~0=��!ǫ�jy����l�O,�[B��~��|9��ٱ����Xly�#�i�B��g%�S��������tˋ���e���ې��\[d�t)��.+u�|1 ������#�~Oj����hS�%��i.�~X���I�H�m��0n���c�1uE�q��cF�RF�o���7� �O�ꮧ� ���ۛ{��ʛi5�rw?׌#Qn�TW��~?y$��m\�\o����%W� ?=>S�N@�� �Ʈ���R����N�)�r"C�:��:����� �����#��qb��Y�. �6[��2K����2u�Ǧ�HYR��Q�MV��� �G�$��Q+.>�����nNH��q�^��� ����q��mM��V��D�+�-�#*�U�̒ ���p욳��u:�������IB���m���PV@O���r[b= �� ��1U�E��_Nm�yKbN�O���U�}�the�`�|6֮P>�\2�P�V���I�D�i�P�O;�9�r�mAHG�W�S]��J*�_�G��+kP�2����Ka�Z���H�'K�x�W�MZ%�O�YD�Rc+o��?�q��Ghm��d�S�oh�\�D�|:W������UA�Qc yT�q������~^�H��/��#p�CZ���T�I�1�ӏT����4��"�ČZ�����}��`w�#�*,ʹ�� ��0�i��課�Om�*�da��^gJ݅{���l�e9uF#T�ֲ��̲�ٞC"�q���ߍ ոޑ�o#�XZTp����@ o�8��(jd��xw�]�,f���`~�|,s��^����f�1���t��|��m�򸄭/ctr��5s��7�9Q�4�H1꠲BB@l9@���C�����+�wp�xu�£Yc�9��?`@#�o�mH�s2��)�=��2�.�l����jg�9$�Y�S�%*L������R�Y������7Z���,*=�䷘$�������arm�o�ϰ���UW.|�r�uf����IGw�t����Zwo��~5 ��YյhO+=8fF�)�W�7�L9lM�̘·Y���֘YLf�큹�pRF���99.A �"wz��=E\Z���'a� 2��Ǚ�#;�'}�G���*��l��^"q��+2FQ� hj��kŦ��${���ޮ-�T�٭cf�|�3#~�RJ����t��$b�(R��(����r���dx� >U b�&9,>���%E\� Ά�e�$��'�q't��*�א���ެ�b��-|d���SB�O�O��$�R+�H�)�܎�K��1m`;�J�2�Y~9��O�g8=vqD`K[�F)k�[���1m޼c��n���]s�k�z$@��)!I �x՝"v��9=�ZA=`Ɠi �:�E��)`7��vI��}d�YI�_ �o�:ob���o ���3Q��&D&�2=�� �Ά��;>�h����y.*ⅥS������Ӭ�+q&����j|UƧ����}���J0��WW< ۋS�)jQR�j���Ư��rN)�Gű�4Ѷ(�S)Ǣ�8��i��W52���No˓� ۍ%�5brOn�L�;�n��\G����=�^U�dI���8$�&���h��'���+�(������cȁ߫k�l��S^���cƗjԌE�ꭔ��gF���Ȓ��@���}O���*;e�v�WV���YJ\�]X'5��ղ�k�F��b 6R�o՜m��i N�i����>J����?��lPm�U��}>_Z&�KK��q�r��I�D�Չ~�q�3fL�:S�e>���E���-G���{L�6p�e,8��������QI��h��a�Xa��U�A'���ʂ���s�+טIjP�-��y�8ۈZ?J$��W�P� ��R�s�]��|�l(�ԓ��sƊi��o(��S0��Y� 8�T97.�����WiL��c�~�dxc�E|�2!�X�K�Ƙਫ਼�$((�6�~|d9u+�qd�^3�89��Y�6L�.I�����?���iI�q���9�)O/뚅����O���X��X�V��ZF[�یgQ�L��K1���RҖr@v�#��X�l��F���Нy�S�8�7�kF!A��sM���^rkp�jP�DyS$N���q��nxҍ!U�f�!eh�i�2�m���`�Y�I�9r�6� �TF���C}/�y�^���Η���5d�'��9A-��J��>{�_l+�`��A���[�'��յ�ϛ#w:݅�%��X�}�&�PSt�Q�"�-��\縵�/����$Ɨh�Xb�*�y��BS����;W�ջ_mc�����vt?2}1�;qS�d�d~u:2k5�2�R�~�z+|HE!)�Ǟl��7`��0�<�,�2*���Hl-��x�^����'_TV�gZA�'j� ^�2Ϊ��N7t�����?w�� �x1��f��Iz�C-Ȗ��K�^q�;���-W�DvT�7��8�Z�������� hK�(P:��Q- �8�n�Z���܃e貾�<�1�YT<�,�����"�6{/ �?�͟��|1�:�#g��W�>$����d��J��d�B��=��jf[��%rE^��il:��B���x���Sּ�1հ��,�=��*�7 fcG��#q� �eh?��2�7�����,�!7x��6�n�LC�4x��},Geǝ�tC.��vS �F�43��zz\��;QYC,6����~;RYS/6���|2���5���v��T��i����������mlv��������&� �nRh^ejR�LG�f���? �ۉҬܦƩ��|��Ȱ����>3����!v��i�ʯ�>�v��オ�X3e���_1z�Kȗ\<������!�8���V��]��?b�k41�Re��T�q��mz��TiOʦ�Z��Xq���L������q"+���2ۨ��8}�&N7XU7Ap�d�X��~�׿��&4e�o�F��� �H����O���č�c�� 懴�6���͉��+)��v;j��ݷ�� �UV�� i��� j���Y9GdÒJ1��詞�����V?h��l����l�cGs�ځ�������y�Ac�����\V3�? �� ܙg�>qH�S,�E�W�[�㺨�uch�⍸�O�}���a��>�q�6�n6����N6�q������N ! 1AQaq�0@����"2BRb�#Pr���3C`��Scst���$4D���%Td�� ?���N����a��3��m���C���w��������xA�m�q�m���m������$����4n淿t'��C"w��zU=D�\R+w�p+Y�T�&�պ@��ƃ��3ޯ?�Aﶂ��aŘ���@-�����Q�=���9D��ռ�ѻ@��M�V��P��܅�G5�f�Y<�u=,EC)�<�Fy'�"�&�չ�X~f��l�KԆV��?�� �W�N����=(� �;���{�r����ٌ�Y���h{�١������jW����P���Tc�����X�K�r��}���w�R��%��?���E��m�� �Y�q|����\lEE4���r���}�lsI�Y������f�$�=�d�yO����p�����yBj8jU�o�/�S��?�U��*������ˍ�0������u�q�m [�?f����a�� )Q�>����6#������� ?����0UQ����,IX���(6ڵ[�DI�MNލ�c&���υ�j\��X�R|,4��� j������T�hA�e��^���d���b<����n�� �즇�=!���3�^�`j�h�ȓr��jẕ�c�,ٞX����-����a�ﶔ���#�$��]w�O��Ӫ�1y%��L�Y<�wg#�ǝ�̗`�x�xa�t�w��»1���o7o5��>�m뭛C���Uƃߜ}�C���y1Xνm�F8�jI���]����H���ۺиE@I�i;r�8ӭ����V�F�Շ| ��&?�3|x�B�MuS�Ge�=Ӕ�#BE5G�����Y!z��_e��q�р/W>|-�Ci߇�t�1ޯќd�R3�u��g�=0 5��[?�#͏��q�cf���H��{ ?u�=?�?ǯ���}Z��z���hmΔ�BFTW�����<�q�(v� ��!��z���iW]*�J�V�z��gX֧A�q�&��/w���u�gYӘa���; �i=����g:��?2�dž6�ى�k�4�>�Pxs����}������G�9��3 ���)gG�R<>r h�$��'nc�h�P��Bj��J�ҧH� -��N1���N��?��~��}-q!=��_2hc�M��l�vY%UE�@|�v����M2�.Y[|y�"Eï��K�ZF,�ɯ?,q�?v�M 80jx�"�;�9vk�����+ ֧�� �ȺU��?�%�vcV��mA�6��Qg^M����A}�3�nl� QRN�l8�kkn�'�����(��M�7m9و�q���%ޟ���*h$Zk"��$�9��: �?U8�Sl��,,|ɒ��xH(ѷ����Gn�/Q�4�P��G�%��Ա8�N��!� �&�7�;���eKM7�4��9R/%����l�c>�x;������>��C�:�����t��h?aKX�bhe�ᜋ^�$�Iհ �hr7%F$�E��Fd���t��5���+�(M6�t����Ü�UU|zW�=a�Ts�Tg������dqP�Q����b'�m���1{|Y����X�N��b �P~��F^F:����k6�"�j!�� �I�r�`��1&�-$�Bevk:y���#yw��I0��x��=D�4��tU���P�ZH��ڠ底taP��6����b>�xa����Q�#� WeF��ŮNj�p�J* mQ�N����*I�-*�ȩ�F�g�3 �5��V�ʊ�ɮ�a��5F���O@{���NX��?����H�]3��1�Ri_u��������ѕ�� ����0��� F��~��:60�p�͈�S��qX#a�5>���`�o&+�<2�D����: �������ڝ�$�nP���*)�N�|y�Ej�F�5ټ�e���ihy�Z �>���k�bH�a�v��h�-#���!�Po=@k̆IEN��@��}Ll?j�O������߭�ʞ���Q|A07x���wt!xf���I2?Z��<ץ�T���cU�j��]��陎Ltl �}5�ϓ��$�,��O�mˊ�;�@O��jE��j(�ا,��LX���LO���Ц�90�O �.����a��nA���7������j4 ��W��_ٓ���zW�jcB������y՗+EM�)d���N�g6�y1_x��p�$Lv:��9�"z��p���ʙ$��^��JԼ*�ϭ����o���=x�Lj�6�J��u82�A�H�3$�ٕ@�=Vv�]�'�qEz�;I˼��)��=��ɯ���x �/�W(V���p�����$ �m�������u�����񶤑Oqˎ�T����r��㠚x�sr�GC��byp�G��1ߠ�w e�8�$⿄����/�M{*}��W�]˷.�CK\�ުx���/$�WPw���r� |i���&�}�{�X� �>��$-��l���?-z���g����lΆ���(F���h�vS*���b���߲ڡn,|)mrH[���a�3�ר�[1��3o_�U�3�TC�$��(�=�)0�kgP���� ��u�^=��4 �WYCҸ:��vQ�ר�X�à��tk�m,�t*��^�,�}D*� �"(�I��9R����>`�`��[~Q]�#af��i6l��8���6�:,s�s�N6�j"�A4���IuQ��6E,�GnH��zS�HO�uk�5$�I�4��ؤ�Q9�@��C����wp�BGv[]�u�Ov���0I4���\��y�����Q�Ѹ��~>Z��8�T��a��q�ޣ;z��a���/��S��I:�ܫ_�|������>=Z����8:�S��U�I�J��"IY���8%b8���H��:�QO�6�;7�I�S��J��ҌAά3��>c���E+&jf$eC+�z�;��V����� �r���ʺ������my�e���aQ�f&��6�ND��.:��NT�vm�<- u���ǝ\MvZY�N�NT��-A�>jr!S��n�O 1�3�Ns�%�3D@���`������ܟ 1�^c<���� �a�ɽ�̲�Xë#�w�|y�cW�=�9I*H8�p�^(4���՗�k��arOcW�tO�\�ƍR��8����'�K���I�Q�����?5�>[�}��yU�ײ -h��=��% q�ThG�2�)���"ו3]�!kB��*p�FDl�A���,�eEi�H�f�Ps�����5�H:�Փ~�H�0Dت�D�I����h�F3�������c��2���E��9�H��5�zԑ�ʚ�i�X�=:m�xg�hd(�v����׊�9iS��O��d@0ڽ���:�p�5�h-��t�&���X�q�ӕ,��ie�|���7A�2���O%P��E��htj��Y1��w�Ѓ!����  ���� ࢽ��My�7�\�a�@�ţ�J �4�Ȼ�F�@o�̒?4�wx��)��]�P��~�����u�����5�����7X ��9��^ܩ�U;Iꭆ 5 �������eK2�7(�{|��Y׎ �V��\"���Z�1� Z�����}��(�Ǝ"�1S���_�vE30>���p;� ΝD��%x�W�?W?v����o�^V�i�d��r[��/&>�~`�9Wh��y�;���R��� ;;ɮT��?����r$�g1�K����A��C��c��K��l:�'��3 c�ﳯ*"t8�~l��)���m��+U,z��`(�>yJ�?����h>��]��v��ЍG*�{`��;y]��I�T� ;c��NU�fo¾h���/$���|NS���1�S�"�H��V���T���4��uhǜ�]�v;���5�͠x��'C\�SBpl���h}�N����� A�Bx���%��ޭ�l��/����T��w�ʽ]D�=����K���ž�r㻠l4�S�O?=�k �M:� ��c�C�a�#ha���)�ѐxc�s���gP�iG��{+���x���Q���I= �� z��ԫ+ �8"�k�ñ�j=|����c ��y��CF��/��*9ж�h{ �?4�o� ��k�m�Q�N�x��;�Y��4膚�a�w?�6�>e]�����Q�r�:����g�,i"�����ԩA�*M�<�G��b�if��l^M��5� �Ҩ�{����6J��ZJ�����P�*�����Y���ݛu�_4�9�I8�7���������,^ToR���m4�H��?�N�S�ѕw��/S��甍�@�9H�S�T��t�ƻ���ʒU��*{Xs�@����f�����֒Li�K{H�w^���������Ϥm�tq���s� ���ք��f:��o~s��g�r��ט� �S�ѱC�e]�x���a��) ���(b-$(�j>�7q�B?ӕ�F��hV25r[7 Y� }L�R��}����*sg+��x�r�2�U=�*'WS��ZDW]�WǞ�<��叓���{�$�9Ou4��y�90-�1�'*D`�c�^o?(�9��u���ݐ��'PI&� f�Jݮ�������:wS����jfP1F:X �H�9dԯ���˝[�_54 �}*;@�ܨ�� ð�yn�T���?�ןd�#���4rG�ͨ��H�1�|-#���Mr�S3��G�3�����)�.᧏3v�z֑��r����$G"�`j �1t��x0<Ɔ�Wh6�y�6��,œ�Ga��gA����y��b��)��h�D��ß�_�m��ü �gG;��e�v��ݝ�nQ� ��C����-�*��o���y�a��M��I�>�<���]obD��"�:���G�A��-\%LT�8���c�)��+y76���o�Q�#*{�(F�⽕�y����=���rW�\p���۩�c���A���^e6��K������ʐ�cVf5$�'->���ՉN"���F�"�UQ@�f��Gb~��#�&�M=��8�ט�JNu9��D��[̤�s�o�~������ G��9T�tW^g5y$b��Y'��س�Ǵ�=��U-2 #�MC�t(�i� �lj�@Q 5�̣i�*�O����s�x�K�f��}\��M{E�V�{�υ��Ƈ�����);�H����I��fe�Lȣr�2��>��W�I�Ȃ6������i��k�� �5�YOxȺ����>��Y�f5'��|��H+��98pj�n�.O�y�������jY��~��i�w'������l�;�s�2��Y��:'lg�ꥴ)o#'Sa�a�K��Z� �m��}�`169�n���"���x��I ��*+� }F<��cГ���F�P�������ֹ*�PqX�x۩��,� ��N�� �4<-����%����:��7����W���u�`����� $�?�I��&����o��o��`v�>��P��"��l���4��5'�Z�gE���8���?��[�X�7(��.Q�-��*���ތL@̲����v��.5���[��=�t\+�CNܛ��,g�SQnH����}*F�G16���&:�t��4ُ"A��̣��$�b �|����#rs��a�����T�� ]�<�j��BS�('$�ɻ� �wP;�/�n��?�ݜ��x�F��yUn�~mL*-�������Xf�wd^�a�}��f�,=t�׵i�.2/wpN�Ep8�OР���•��R�FJ� 55TZ��T �ɭ�<��]��/�0�r�@�f��V��V����Nz�G��^���7hZi����k��3�,kN�e|�vg�1{9]_i��X5y7� 8e]�U����'�-2,���e"����]ot�I��Y_��n�(JҼ��1�O ]bXc���Nu�No��pS���Q_���_�?i�~�x h5d'�(qw52] ��'ޤ�q��o1�R!���`ywy�A4u���h<קy���\[~�4�\ X�Wt/� 6�����n�F�a8��f���z �3$�t(���q��q�x��^�XWeN'p<-v�!�{�(>ӽDP7��ո0�y)�e$ٕv�Ih'Q�EA�m*�H��RI��=:��� ���4牢) �%_iN�ݧ�l]� �Nt���G��H�L��� ɱ�g<���1V�,�J~�ٹ�"K��Q�� 9�HS�9�?@��k����r�;we݁�]I�!{ �@�G�[�"��`���J:�n]�{�cA�E����V��ʆ���#��U9�6����j�#Y�m\��q�e4h�B�7��C�������d<�?J����1g:ٳ���=Y���D�p�ц� ׈ǔ��1�]26؜oS�'��9�V�FVu�P�h�9�xc�oq�X��p�o�5��Ա5$�9W�V(�[Ak�aY錎qf;�'�[�|���b�6�Ck��)��#a#a˙��8���=äh�4��2��C��4tm^ �n'c���]GQ$[Wҿ��i���vN�{Fu ��1�gx��1┷���N�m��{j-,��x�� Ūm�ЧS�[�s���Gna���䑴�� x�p 8<������97�Q���ϴ�v�aϚG��Rt�Һ׈�f^\r��WH�JU�7Z���y)�vg=����n��4�_)y��D'y�6�]�c�5̪�\� �PF�k����&�c;��cq�$~T�7j ���nç]�<�g ":�to�t}�159�<�/�8������m�b�K#g'I'.W�����6��I/��>v��\�MN��g���m�A�yQL�4u�Lj�j9��#44�t��l^�}L����n��R��!��t��±]��r��h6ٍ>�yҏ�N��fU�� ���� Fm@�8}�/u��jb9������he:A�y�ծw��GpΧh�5����l}�3p468��)U��d��c����;Us/�֔�YX�1�O2��uq�s��`hwg�r~�{ R��mhN��؎*q 42�*th��>�#���E����#��Hv�O����q�}�����6�e��\�,Wk�#���X��b>��p}�դ��3���T5��†��6��[��@�P�y*n��|'f�֧>�lư΂�̺����SU�'*�q�p�_S�����M�� '��c�6�����m�� ySʨ;M��r���Ƌ�m�Kxo,���Gm�P��A�G�:��i��w�9�}M(�^�V��$ǒ�ѽ�9���|���� �a����J�SQ�a���r�B;����}���ٻ֢�2�%U���c�#�g���N�a�ݕ�'�v�[�OY'��3L�3�;,p�]@�S��{ls��X�'���c�jw�k'a�.��}�}&�� �dP�*�bK=ɍ!����;3n�gΊU�ߴmt�'*{,=SzfD� A��ko~�G�aoq�_mi}#�m�������P�Xhύ����mxǍ�΂���巿zf��Q���c���|kc�����?���W��Y�$���_Lv����l߶��c���`?����l�j�ݲˏ!V��6����U�Ђ(A���4y)H���p�Z_�x��>���e��R��$�/�`^'3qˏ�-&Q�=?��CFVR �D�fV�9��{�8g�������n�h�(P"��6�[�D���< E�����~0<@�`�G�6����Hг�cc�� �c�K.5��D��d�B���`?�XQ��2��ٿyqo&+�1^� DW�0�ꊩ���G�#��Q�nL3��c���������/��x ��1�1[y�x�პCW��C�c�UĨ80�m�e�4.{�m��u���I=��f�����0QRls9���f���������9���~f�����Ǩ��a�"@�8���ȁ�Q����#c�ic������G��$���G���r/$W�(��W���V�"��m�7�[m�A�m����bo��D� j����۳� l���^�k�h׽����� ��#� iXn�v��eT�k�a�^Y�4�BN��ĕ��0 !01@Q"2AaPq3BR������?���@4�Q�����T3,���㺠�W�[=JK�Ϟ���2�r^7��vc�:�9 �E�ߴ�w�S#d���Ix��u��:��Hp��9E!�� V 2;73|F��9Y���*ʬ�F��D����u&���y؟��^EA��A��(ɩ���^��GV:ݜDy�`��Jr29ܾ�㝉��[���E;Fzx��YG��U�e�Y�C���� ����v-tx����I�sם�Ę�q��Eb�+P\ :>�i�C'�;�����k|z�رn�y]�#ǿb��Q��������w�����(�r|ӹs��[�D��2v-%��@;�8<a���[\o[ϧw��I!��*0�krs)�[�J9^��ʜ��p1)� "��/_>��o��<1����A�E�y^�C��`�x1'ܣn�p��s`l���fQ��):�l����b>�Me�jH^?�kl3(�z:���1ŠK&?Q�~�{�ٺ�h�y���/�[��V�|6��}�KbX����mn[-��7�5q�94�������dm���c^���h� X��5��<�eޘ>G���-�}�دB�ޟ� ��|�rt�M��V+�]�c?�-#ڛ��^ǂ}���Lkr���O��u�>�-D�ry� D?:ޞ�U��ǜ�7�V��?瓮�"�#���r��չģVR;�n���/_� ؉v�ݶe5d�b9��/O��009�G���5n�W����JpA�*�r9�>�1��.[t���s�F���nQ� V 77R�]�ɫ8����_0<՜�IF�u(v��4��F�k�3��E)��N:��yڮe��P�`�1}�$WS��J�SQ�N�j�ٺ��޵�#l���ј(�5=��5�lǏmoW�v-�1����v,W�mn��߀$x�<����v�j(����c]��@#��1������Ǔ���o'��u+����;G�#�޸��v-lη��/(`i⣍Pm^���ԯ̾9Z��F��������n��1��� ��]�[��)�'������:�֪�W��FC����� �B9،!?���]��V��A�Վ�M��b�w��G F>_DȬ0¤�#�QR�[V��kz���m�w�"��9ZG�7'[��=�Q����j8R?�zf�\a�=��O�U����*oB�A�|G���2�54 �p��.w7� �� ��&������ξxGHp� B%��$g�����t�Џ򤵍z���HN�u�Я�-�'4��0��;_��3 !01"@AQa2Pq#3BR������?��ʩca��en��^��8���<�u#��m*08r��y�N"�<�Ѳ0��@\�p��� �����Kv�D��J8�Fҽ� �f�Y��-m�ybX�NP����}�!*8t(�OqѢ��Q�wW�K��ZD��Δ^e��!� ��B�K��p~�����e*l}z#9ң�k���q#�Ft�o��S�R����-�w�!�S���Ӥß|M�l޶V��!eˈ�8Y���c�ЮM2��tk���� ������J�fS����Ö*i/2�����n]�k�\���|4yX�8��U�P.���Ы[���l��@"�t�<������5�lF���vU�����W��W��;�b�cД^6[#7@vU�xgZv��F�6��Q,K�v��� �+Ъ��n��Ǣ��Ft���8��0��c�@�!�Zq s�v�t�;#](B��-�nῃ~���3g������5�J�%���O������n�kB�ĺ�.r��+���#�N$?�q�/�s�6��p��a����a��J/��M�8��6�ܰ"�*������ɗud"\w���aT(����[��F��U՛����RT�b���n�*��6���O��SJ�.�ij<�v�MT��R\c��5l�sZB>F��<7�;EA��{��E���Ö��1U/�#��d1�a�n.1ě����0�ʾR�h��|�R��Ao�3�m3 ��%�� ���28Q� ��y��φ���H�To�7�lW>����#i`�q���c����a��� �m,B�-j����݋�'mR1Ήt�>��V��p���s�0IbI�C.���1R�ea�����]H�6����������4B>��o��](��$B���m�����a�!=��?�B� K�Ǿ+�Ծ"�n���K��*��+��[T#�{E�J�S����Q�����s�5�:�U�\wĐ�f�3����܆&�)����I���Ԇw��E T�lrTf6Q|R�h:��[K�� �z��c֧�G�C��%\��_�a�84��HcO�bi��ؖV��7H �)*ģK~Xhչ0��4?�0��� �E<���}3���#���u�?�� ��|g�S�6ꊤ�|�I#Hڛ� �ա��w�X��9��7���Ŀ%�SL��y6č��|�F�a 8���b��$�sק�h���b9RAu7�˨p�Č�_\*w��묦��F ����4D~�f����|(�"m���NK��i�S�>�$d7SlA��/�²����SL��|6N�}���S�˯���g��]6��; �#�.��<���q'Q�1|KQ$�����񛩶"�$r�b:���N8�w@��8$�� �AjfG|~�9F ���Y��ʺ��Bwؒ������M:I岎�G��`s�YV5����6��A �b:�W���G�q%l�����F��H���7�������Fsv7��k�� 403WebShell
403Webshell
Server IP : 51.161.54.47  /  Your IP : 216.73.216.143
Web Server : Apache/2.4.68 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1k
System : Linux host.ditinformatica.ar 4.18.0-553.153.1.el8_10.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Aug 6 00:53:12 EDT 2026 x86_64
User : kalaycom ( 1021)
PHP Version : 7.4.33
Disable Function : NONE
MySQL : OFF  |  cURL : ON  |  WGET : ON  |  Perl : ON  |  Python : OFF  |  Sudo : ON  |  Pkexec : ON
Directory :  /usr/share/nmap/nselib/

Upload File :
current_dir [ Writeable ] document_root [ Writeable ]

 

Command :


[ Back ]     

Current File : /usr/share/nmap/nselib/ldap.lua
---
-- Library methods for handling LDAP.
--
-- @author Patrik Karlsson
-- @copyright Same as Nmap--See https://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html
--
-- Credit goes out to Martin Swende who provided me with the initial code that got me started writing this.
--
-- Version 0.8
-- Created 01/12/2010 - v0.1 - Created by Patrik Karlsson <patrik@cqure.net>
-- Revised 01/28/2010 - v0.2 - Revised to fit better fit ASN.1 library
-- Revised 02/02/2010 - v0.3 - Revised to fit OO ASN.1 Library
-- Revised 09/05/2011 - v0.4 - Revised to include support for writing output to file, added decoding certain time
--                             formats
-- Revised 10/29/2011 - v0.5 - Added support for performing wildcard searches via the substring filter.
-- Revised 10/30/2011 - v0.6 - Added support for the ldap extensibleMatch filter type for searches
-- Revised 04/04/2016 - v0.7 - Added support for searchRequest over upd ( udpSearchRequest ) - Tom Sellers
-- Revised 07/11/2017 - v0.8 - Added support for decoding the objectSID Active Directory attribute - Tom Sellers
--

local asn1 = require "asn1"
local datetime = require "datetime"
local io = require "io"
local nmap = require "nmap"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
local stringaux = require "stringaux"
local table = require "table"
local comm = require "comm"
_ENV = stdnse.module("ldap", stdnse.seeall)

local ldapMessageId = 1

ERROR_MSG = {}
ERROR_MSG[1]  = "Initialization of LDAP library failed."
ERROR_MSG[4]  = "Size limit exceeded."
ERROR_MSG[13] = "Confidentiality required"
ERROR_MSG[32] = "No such object"
ERROR_MSG[34] = "Invalid DN"
ERROR_MSG[49] = "The supplied credential is invalid."

ERRORS = {
  LDAP_SUCCESS = 0,
  LDAP_SIZELIMIT_EXCEEDED = 4
}

--- Application constants
-- @class table
-- @name APPNO
APPNO = {
  BindRequest = 0,
  BindResponse = 1,
  UnbindRequest = 2,
  SearchRequest = 3,
  SearchResponse = 4,
  SearchResDone = 5
}

-- Filter operation constants
FILTER = {
  _and = 0,
  _or = 1,
  _not = 2,
  equalityMatch = 3,
  substrings = 4,
  greaterOrEqual = 5,
  lessOrEqual = 6,
  present = 7,
  approxMatch = 8,
  extensibleMatch = 9
}

-- Scope constants
SCOPE = {
  base=0,
  one=1,
  sub= 2,
  children=3,
  default = 0
}

-- Deref policy constants
DEREFPOLICY = {
  never=0,
  searching=1,
  finding = 2,
  always=3,
  default = 0
}

-- LDAP specific tag encoders
local tagEncoder = {}

tagEncoder['table'] = function(self, val)
  if (val._ldap == '\x0A') then
    local ival = self.encodeInt(val[1])
    local len = self.encodeLength(#ival)
    return val._ldap .. len .. ival
  end
  if (val._ldaptype) then
    local len
    if val[1] == nil or #val[1] == 0 then
      return val._ldaptype .. '\0'
    else
      len = self.encodeLength(#val[1])
      return val._ldaptype .. len .. val[1]
    end
  end

  local encVal = ""
  for _, v in ipairs(val) do
    encVal = encVal .. encode(v) -- todo: buffer?
  end
  local tableType = val._snmp or "\x30"
  return tableType .. self.encodeLength(#encVal) .. encVal

end

---
-- Encodes a given value according to ASN.1 basic encoding rules for SNMP
-- packet creation.
-- @param val Value to be encoded.
-- @return Encoded value.
function encode(val)

  local encoder = asn1.ASN1Encoder:new()
  local encValue

  encoder:registerTagEncoders(tagEncoder)
  encValue = encoder:encode(val)

  if encValue then
    return encValue
  end

  return ''
end


-- LDAP specific tag decoders
local tagDecoder = {}

tagDecoder["\x0A"] = function( self, encStr, elen, pos )
  return self.decodeInt(encStr, elen, pos)
end

tagDecoder["\x8A"] = function( self, encStr, elen, pos )
  return string.unpack("c" .. elen, encStr, pos)
end

-- null decoder
tagDecoder["\x31"] = function( self, encStr, elen, pos )
  return nil, pos
end


---
-- Decodes an LDAP packet or a part of it according to ASN.1 basic encoding
-- rules.
-- @param encStr Encoded string.
-- @param pos Current position in the string.
-- @return The decoded value(s).
-- @return The position after decoding
function decode(encStr, pos)
  -- register the LDAP specific tag decoders
  local decoder = asn1.ASN1Decoder:new()
  decoder:registerTagDecoders( tagDecoder )
  return decoder:decode( encStr, pos )
end


---
-- Decodes a sequence according to ASN.1 basic encoding rules.
-- @param encStr Encoded string.
-- @param len Length of sequence in bytes.
-- @param pos Current position in the string.
-- @return The decoded sequence as a table.
-- @return The position after decoding.
local function decodeSeq(encStr, len, pos)
  local seq = {}
  local sPos = 1
  if #encStr - pos + 1 < len then
    return seq, nil
  end
  local sStr, newpos = string.unpack("c" .. len, encStr, pos)
  while (sPos < len) do
    local newSeq
    newSeq, sPos = decode(sStr, sPos)
    table.insert(seq, newSeq)
  end
  return seq, newpos
end

-- Encodes an LDAP Application operation and its data as a sequence
--
-- @param appno LDAP application number
-- @see APPNO
-- @param isConstructed boolean true if constructed, false if primitive
-- @param data string containing the LDAP operation content
-- @return string containing the encoded LDAP operation
function encodeLDAPOp( appno, isConstructed, data )
  local encoded_str = ""
  local asn1_type = asn1.BERtoInt( asn1.BERCLASS.Application, isConstructed, appno )

  encoded_str = encode( { _ldaptype = string.pack("B", asn1_type), data } )
  return encoded_str
end

--- Performs an LDAP Search request
--
-- This function has a concept of softerrors which populates the return tables error information
-- while returning a true status. The reason for this is that LDAP may return a number of records
-- and then finish off with an error like SIZE LIMIT EXCEEDED. We still want to return the records
-- that were received prior to the error. In order to achieve this and not terminating the script
-- by returning a false status a true status is returned together with a table containing all searchentries.
-- This table has the <code>errorMessage</code> and <code>resultCode</code> entries set with the error information.
-- As a <code>try</code> won't catch this error it's up to the script to do so. See ldap-search.nse for an example.
--
-- @param socket socket already connected to the ldap server
-- @param params table containing at least <code>scope</code>, <code>derefPolicy</code>, <code>baseObject</code>
--        the field <code>maxObjects</code> may also be included to restrict the amount of records returned
-- @return success true or false.
-- @return searchResEntries containing results or a string containing error message
function searchRequest( socket, params )

  local searchResEntries = { errorMessage="", resultCode = 0}
  local catch = function() socket:close() stdnse.debug1("SearchRequest failed") end
  local try = nmap.new_try(catch)
  local attributes = params.attributes
  local request = encode(params.baseObject)
  local attrSeq = ''
  local requestData, messageSeq, data
  local maxObjects = params.maxObjects or -1

  local encoder = asn1.ASN1Encoder:new()
  local decoder = asn1.ASN1Decoder:new()

  encoder:registerTagEncoders(tagEncoder)
  decoder:registerTagDecoders(tagDecoder)

  request = request .. encode( { _ldap='\x0A', params.scope } )--scope
  request = request .. encode( { _ldap='\x0A', params.derefPolicy } )--derefpolicy
  request = request .. encode( params.sizeLimit or 0)--sizelimit
  request = request .. encode( params.timeLimit or 0)--timelimit
  request = request .. encode( params.typesOnly or false)--TypesOnly

  if params.filter then
    request = request .. createFilter( params.filter )
  else
    request = request .. encode( { _ldaptype='\x87', "objectclass" } )-- filter : string, presence
  end
  if  attributes~= nil then
    for _,attr in ipairs(attributes) do
      attrSeq = attrSeq .. encode(attr)
    end
  end

  request = request .. encoder:encodeSeq(attrSeq)
  requestData = encodeLDAPOp(APPNO.SearchRequest, true, request)
  messageSeq = encode(ldapMessageId)
  ldapMessageId = ldapMessageId +1
  messageSeq = messageSeq .. requestData
  data = encoder:encodeSeq(messageSeq)
  try( socket:send( data ) )
  data = ""

  while true do
    local len, pos, messageId = 0, 2, -1
    local tmp = ""
    local _, objectName, attributes, ldapOp
    local attributes
    local searchResEntry = {}

    if ( maxObjects == 0 ) then
      break
    elseif ( maxObjects > 0 ) then
      maxObjects = maxObjects - 1
    end

    if data:len() > 6 then
      len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( data, pos )
    else
      data = data .. try( socket:receive() )
      len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( data, pos )
    end
    -- pos should be at the right position regardless if length is specified in 1 or 2 bytes
    while ( len + pos - 1 > data:len() ) do
      data = data .. try( socket:receive() )
    end

    messageId, pos = decode( data, pos )
    tmp, pos = string.unpack("B", data, pos)
    len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( data, pos )
    ldapOp = asn1.intToBER( tmp )
    searchResEntry = {}

    if ldapOp.number == APPNO.SearchResDone then
      searchResEntry.resultCode, pos = decode( data, pos )
      -- errors may occur after a large amount of data has been received (eg. size limit exceeded)
      -- we want to be able to return the data received prior to this error to the user
      -- however, we also need to alert the user of the error. This is achieved through "softerrors"
      -- softerrors populate the error fields of the table while returning a true status
      -- this allows for the caller to output data while still being able to catch the error
      if ( searchResEntry.resultCode ~= 0 ) then
        local error_msg
        searchResEntry.matchedDN, pos = decode( data, pos )
        searchResEntry.errorMessage, pos = decode( data, pos )
        error_msg = ERROR_MSG[searchResEntry.resultCode]
        -- if the table is empty return a hard error
        if #searchResEntries == 0 then
          return false, string.format("Code: %d|Error: %s|Details: %s", searchResEntry.resultCode, error_msg or "", searchResEntry.errorMessage or "" )
        else
          searchResEntries.errorMessage = string.format("Code: %d|Error: %s|Details: %s", searchResEntry.resultCode, error_msg or "", searchResEntry.errorMessage or "" )
          searchResEntries.resultCode = searchResEntry.resultCode
          return true, searchResEntries
        end
      end
      break
    end

    searchResEntry.objectName, pos = decode( data, pos )
    if ldapOp.number == APPNO.SearchResponse then
      searchResEntry.attributes, pos = decode( data, pos )

      table.insert( searchResEntries, searchResEntry )
    end
    if data:len() > pos then
      data = data:sub(pos)
    else
      data = ""
    end
  end
  return true, searchResEntries
end

--- Performs an LDAP Search request over UDP
--
-- This function has a concept of softerrors which populates the return tables error information
-- while returning a true status. The reason for this is that LDAP may return a number of records
-- and then finish off with an error like SIZE LIMIT EXCEEDED. We still want to return the records
-- that were received prior to the error. In order to achieve this and not terminating the script
-- by returning a false status a true status is returned together with a table containing all searchentries.
-- This table has the <code>errorMessage</code> and <code>resultCode</code> entries set with the error information.
-- As a <code>try</code> won't catch this error it's up to the script to do so. See ldap-search.nse for an example.
--
-- @param host The host to connect to
-- @param port The port on the host
-- @param params table containing at least <code>scope</code>, <code>derefPolicy</code>, <code>baseObject</code>
--        the field <code>maxObjects</code> may also be included to restrict the amount of records returned
-- @return success true or false.
-- @return searchResEntries containing results or a string containing error message

function udpSearchRequest( host, port, params )

  local searchResEntries = { errorMessage="", resultCode = 0}
  local catch = function() stdnse.debug1("udpSearchRequest failed") end
  local try = nmap.new_try(catch)
  local attributes = params.attributes
  local request = encode(params.baseObject)
  local attrSeq = ''
  local requestData, messageSeq, data
  local maxObjects = params.maxObjects or -1

  local encoder = asn1.ASN1Encoder:new()
  local decoder = asn1.ASN1Decoder:new()

  encoder:registerTagEncoders(tagEncoder)
  decoder:registerTagDecoders(tagDecoder)

  request = request .. encode( { _ldap='\x0A', params.scope } )--scope
  request = request .. encode( { _ldap='\x0A', params.derefPolicy } )--derefpolicy
  request = request .. encode( params.sizeLimit or 0)--sizelimit
  request = request .. encode( params.timeLimit or 0)--timelimit
  request = request .. encode( params.typesOnly or false)--TypesOnly

  if params.filter then
    request = request .. createFilter( params.filter )
  else
    request = request .. encode( { _ldaptype='\x87', "objectclass" } )-- filter : string, presence
  end
  if  attributes~= nil then
    for _,attr in ipairs(attributes) do
      attrSeq = attrSeq .. encode(attr)
    end
  end

  request = request .. encoder:encodeSeq(attrSeq)
  requestData = encodeLDAPOp(APPNO.SearchRequest, true, request)
  messageSeq = encode(ldapMessageId)
  ldapMessageId = ldapMessageId +1
  messageSeq = messageSeq .. requestData
  data = encoder:encodeSeq(messageSeq)
  local status, response = comm.exchange(host, port, data)

  while true do
    local len, pos, messageId = 0, 0, -1
    local tmp = ""
    local _, objectName, attributes, ldapOp
    local attributes
    local searchResEntry = {}

    if ( maxObjects == 0 ) then
      break
    elseif ( maxObjects > 0 ) then
      maxObjects = maxObjects - 1
    end

    tmp, pos = string.unpack("B", response, pos)
    len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( response, pos )
    messageId, pos = decode( response, pos )
    tmp, pos = string.unpack("B", response, pos)
    len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( response, pos )
    ldapOp = asn1.intToBER( tmp )
    searchResEntry = {}

    if ldapOp.number == APPNO.SearchResDone then
      searchResEntry.resultCode, pos = decode( response, pos )
      -- errors may occur after a large amount of response has been received (eg. size limit exceeded)
      -- we want to be able to return the response received prior to this error to the user
      -- however, we also need to alert the user of the error. This is achieved through "softerrors"
      -- softerrors populate the error fields of the table while returning a true status
      -- this allows for the caller to output response while still being able to catch the error
      if ( searchResEntry.resultCode ~= 0 ) then
        local error_msg
        searchResEntry.matchedDN, pos = decode( response, pos )
        searchResEntry.errorMessage, pos = decode( response, pos )
        error_msg = ERROR_MSG[searchResEntry.resultCode]
        -- if the table is empty return a hard error
        if #searchResEntries == 0 then
          return false, string.format("Code: %d|Error: %s|Details: %s", searchResEntry.resultCode, error_msg or "", searchResEntry.errorMessage or "" )
        else
          searchResEntries.errorMessage = string.format("Code: %d|Error: %s|Details: %s", searchResEntry.resultCode, error_msg or "", searchResEntry.errorMessage or "" )
          searchResEntries.resultCode = searchResEntry.resultCode
          return true, searchResEntries
        end
      end
      break
    end

    searchResEntry.objectName, pos = decode( response, pos )
    if ldapOp.number == APPNO.SearchResponse then
      searchResEntry.attributes, pos = decode( response, pos )
      table.insert( searchResEntries, searchResEntry )
    end
    if response:len() > pos then
      response = response:sub(pos)
    else
      response = ""
    end
  end
  return true, searchResEntries
end

--- Attempts to bind to the server using the credentials given
--
-- @param socket socket already connected to the ldap server
-- @param params table containing <code>version</code>, <code>username</code> and <code>password</code>
-- @return success true or false
-- @return err string containing error message
function bindRequest( socket, params )

  local catch = function() socket:close() stdnse.debug1("bindRequest failed") end
  local try = nmap.new_try(catch)
  local ldapAuth = encode( { _ldaptype = '\x80', params.password } )
  local bindReq = encode( params.version ) .. encode( params.username ) .. ldapAuth
  local ldapMsg = encode(ldapMessageId) .. encodeLDAPOp( APPNO.BindRequest, true, bindReq )
  local packet
  local pos, packet_len, resultCode, tmp, len, _
  local response = {}

  local encoder = asn1.ASN1Encoder:new()
  local decoder = asn1.ASN1Decoder:new()

  encoder:registerTagEncoders(tagEncoder)
  decoder:registerTagDecoders(tagDecoder)

  packet = encoder:encodeSeq( ldapMsg )
  ldapMessageId = ldapMessageId +1
  try( socket:send( packet ) )
  packet = try( socket:receive() )

  packet_len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( packet, 2 )
  response.messageID, pos = decode( packet, pos )
  tmp, pos = string.unpack("B", packet, pos)
  len, pos = decoder.decodeLength( packet, pos )
  response.protocolOp = asn1.intToBER( tmp )

  if response.protocolOp.number ~= APPNO.BindResponse then
    return false, string.format("Received incorrect Op in packet: %d, expected %d", response.protocolOp.number, APPNO.BindResponse)
  end

  response.resultCode, pos = decode( packet, pos )

  if ( response.resultCode ~= 0 ) then
    local error_msg
    response.matchedDN, pos = decode( packet, pos )
    response.errorMessage, pos = decode( packet, pos )
    error_msg = ERROR_MSG[response.resultCode]
    return false, string.format("\n  Error: %s\n  Details: %s",
      error_msg or "Unknown error occurred (code: " .. response.resultCode ..
      ")", response.errorMessage or "" )
  else
    return true, "Success"
  end
end

--- Performs an LDAP Unbind
--
-- @param socket socket already connected to the ldap server
-- @return success true or false
-- @return err string containing error message
function unbindRequest( socket )

  local ldapMsg, packet
  local catch = function() socket:close() stdnse.debug1("bindRequest failed") end
  local try = nmap.new_try(catch)

  local encoder = asn1.ASN1Encoder:new()
  encoder:registerTagEncoders(tagEncoder)

  ldapMessageId = ldapMessageId +1
  ldapMsg = encode( ldapMessageId ) .. encodeLDAPOp( APPNO.UnbindRequest, false, nil)
  packet = encoder:encodeSeq( ldapMsg )
  try( socket:send( packet ) )
  return true, ""
end


--- Creates an ASN1 structure from a filter table
--
-- @param filter table containing the filter to be created
-- @return string containing the ASN1 byte sequence
function createFilter( filter )

  local asn1_type = asn1.BERtoInt( asn1.BERCLASS.ContextSpecific, true, filter.op )
  local filter_str = ""

  if type(filter.val) == 'table' then
    for _, v in ipairs( filter.val ) do
      filter_str = filter_str .. createFilter( v )
    end
  else
    local obj = encode( filter.obj )
    local val = ''
    if ( filter.op == FILTER['substrings'] ) then

      local tmptable = stringaux.strsplit('*', filter.val)
      local tmp_result = ''

      if (#tmptable <= 1 ) then
        -- 0x81  = 10000001  =  10        0                 00001
        -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: Sequence  Value: 1 (any / any position in string)
        tmp_result = string.pack('Bs1', 0x81, filter.val)
      else
        for indexval, substr in ipairs(tmptable) do
          if (indexval == 1) and (substr ~= '') then
            -- 0x81  = 10000000  =  10        0                 00000
            -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: Sequence  Value: 0 (initial / match at start of string)
            tmp_result = '\x80' .. string.char(#substr) .. substr
          end

          if (indexval ~= #tmptable) and (indexval ~= 1) and (substr ~= '') then
            -- 0x81  = 10000001  =  10        0                 00001
            -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: Sequence  Value: 1 (any / match in any position in string)
            tmp_result = tmp_result .. string.pack('Bs1', 0x81, substr)
          end

          if (indexval == #tmptable) and (substr ~= '') then
            -- 0x82  = 10000010  =  10        0                 00010
            -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: Sequence  Value: 2 (final / match at end of string)
            tmp_result = tmp_result .. string.pack('Bs1', 0x82, substr)
          end
        end
      end

      val = asn1.ASN1Encoder:encodeSeq( tmp_result )

    elseif ( filter.op == FILTER['extensibleMatch'] ) then

      local tmptable = stringaux.strsplit(':=', filter.val)
      local tmp_result = ''
      local OID, bitmask

      if ( tmptable[1] ~= nil ) then
        OID = tmptable[1]
      else
        return false, ("ERROR: Invalid extensibleMatch query format")
      end

      if ( tmptable[2] ~= nil ) then
        bitmask = tmptable[2]
      else
        return false, ("ERROR: Invalid extensibleMatch query format")
      end

      tmp_result = string.pack('Bs1 Bs1 Bs1 Bs1',
        -- Format and create matchingRule using OID
        -- 0x81  = 10000001  =  10        0                 00001
        -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: matchingRule  Value: 1
        0x81, OID,

        -- Format and create type using ldap attribute
        -- 0x82  = 10000010  =  10        0                 00010
        -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: Type          Value: 2
        0x82, filter.obj,

        -- Format and create matchValue using bitmask
        -- 0x83  = 10000011  =  10        0                 00011
        -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: matchValue    Value: 3
        0x83, bitmask,

        -- Format and create dnAttributes, defaulting to false
        -- 0x84  = 10000100  =  10        0                 00100
        -- hex     binary       Context   Primitive value   Field: dnAttributes  Value: 4
        -- 0x00 =  boolean value, in this case false
        0x84, '\x00')

      -- Format the overall extensibleMatch block
      -- 0xa9  = 10101001  =  10        1                 01001
      -- hex     binary       Context   Constructed       Field: Filter       Value: 9 (extensibleMatch)
      return '\xa9' .. asn1.ASN1Encoder.encodeLength(#tmp_result) .. tmp_result

    else
      val = encode( filter.val )
    end

    filter_str = filter_str .. obj .. val

  end
  return encode( { _ldaptype=string.pack("B", asn1_type), filter_str } )
end

--- Converts a search result as received from searchRequest to a "result" table
--
-- Does some limited decoding of LDAP attributes
--
-- TODO: Add decoding of missing attributes
-- TODO: Add decoding of userParameters
-- TODO: Add decoding of loginHours
--
-- @param searchEntries table as returned from searchRequest
-- @return table suitable for <code>stdnse.format_output</code>
function searchResultToTable( searchEntries )
  local result = {}
  for _, v in ipairs( searchEntries ) do
    local result_part = {}
    if v.objectName and v.objectName:len() > 0 then
      result_part.name = string.format("dn: %s", v.objectName)
    else
      result_part.name = "<ROOT>"
    end

    local attribs = {}
    if ( v.attributes ~= nil ) then
      for _, attrib in ipairs( v.attributes ) do
        for i=2, #attrib do
          -- do some additional Windows decoding
          if ( attrib[1] == "objectSid" ) then
            table.insert( attribs, string.format( "%s: %s", attrib[1], convertObjectSid( attrib[i] ) ) )
          elseif ( attrib[1] == "objectGUID") then
            local o = {string.unpack(("B"):rep(16), attrib[i] )}
            table.insert( attribs, string.format( "%s: %x%x%x%x-%x%x-%x%x-%x%x-%x%x%x%x%x%x",
              attrib[1], o[4], o[3], o[2], o[1], table.unpack(o, 5, 16)))
          elseif ( attrib[1] == "lastLogon" or attrib[1] == "lastLogonTimestamp" or attrib[1] == "pwdLastSet" or attrib[1] == "accountExpires" or attrib[1] == "badPasswordTime"  ) then
            table.insert( attribs, string.format( "%s: %s", attrib[1], convertADTimeStamp(attrib[i]) ) )
          elseif ( attrib[1] == "whenChanged" or attrib[1] == "whenCreated" or attrib[1] == "dSCorePropagationData" ) then
            table.insert( attribs, string.format( "%s: %s", attrib[1], convertZuluTimeStamp(attrib[i]) ) )
          else
            table.insert( attribs, string.format( "%s: %s", attrib[1], attrib[i] ) )
          end
        end
      end
      table.insert( result_part, attribs )
    end
    table.insert( result, result_part )
  end
  return result
end

--- Saves a search result as received from searchRequest to a file
--
-- Does some limited decoding of LDAP attributes
--
-- TODO: Add decoding of missing attributes
-- TODO: Add decoding of userParameters
-- TODO: Add decoding of loginHours
--
-- @param searchEntries table as returned from searchRequest
-- @param filename the name of a save to save results to
-- @return table suitable for <code>stdnse.format_output</code>
function searchResultToFile( searchEntries, filename )

  local f = io.open( filename, "w")

  if ( not(f) ) then
    return false, ("ERROR: Failed to open file (%s)"):format(filename)
  end

  -- Build table structure.  Using a multi pass approach ( build table then populate table )
  -- because the objects returned may not necessarily have the same number of attributes
  -- making single pass CSV output generation problematic.
  -- Unfortunately the searchEntries table passed to this function is not organized in a
  -- way that make particular attributes for a given hostname directly addressable.
  --
  -- At some point restructuring the searchEntries table may be a good optimization target

  -- build table of attributes
  local attrib_table = {}
  for _, v in ipairs( searchEntries ) do
    if ( v.attributes ~= nil ) then
      for _, attrib in ipairs( v.attributes ) do
        for i=2, #attrib do
          if ( attrib_table[attrib[1]] == nil ) then
            attrib_table[attrib[1]] = ''
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end

  -- build table of hosts
  local host_table = {}
  for _, v in ipairs( searchEntries ) do
    if v.objectName and v.objectName:len() > 0 then
      local host = {}

      if v.objectName and v.objectName:len() > 0 then
        -- use a copy of the table here, assigning attrib_table into host_table
        -- links the values so setting it for one host changes the specific attribute
        -- values for all hosts.
        host_table[v.objectName] = {attributes = copyTable(attrib_table) }
      end
    end
  end

  -- populate the host table with values for each attribute that has valid data
  for _, v in ipairs( searchEntries ) do
    if ( v.attributes ~= nil ) then
      for _, attrib in ipairs( v.attributes ) do
        for i=2, #attrib do
          -- do some additional Windows decoding
          if ( attrib[1] == "objectSid" ) then
            host_table[string.format("%s", v.objectName)].attributes[attrib[1]] = string.format( "%s", convertObjectSid(attrib[i]))

          elseif ( attrib[1] == "objectGUID") then
            local o = {string.unpack(("B"):rep(16), attrib[i] )}
            host_table[string.format("%s", v.objectName)].attributes[attrib[1]] = string.format(
              "%s: %x%x%x%x-%x%x-%x%x-%x%x-%x%x%x%x%x%x",
              attrib[1], o[4], o[3], o[2], o[1], table.unpack(o, 5, 16))

          elseif ( attrib[1] == "lastLogon" or attrib[1] == "lastLogonTimestamp" or attrib[1] == "pwdLastSet" or attrib[1] == "accountExpires" or attrib[1] == "badPasswordTime" ) then
            host_table[string.format("%s", v.objectName)].attributes[attrib[1]] = convertADTimeStamp(attrib[i])

          elseif ( attrib[1] == "whenChanged" or attrib[1] == "whenCreated" or attrib[1] == "dSCorePropagationData" ) then
            host_table[string.format("%s", v.objectName)].attributes[attrib[1]] = convertZuluTimeStamp(attrib[i])

          else
            host_table[v.objectName].attributes[attrib[1]] = string.format( "%s", attrib[i] )
          end

        end
      end
    end
  end

  -- write the new, fully populated table out to CSV

  -- initialize header row
  local output = "\"name\""
  for attribute, value in pairs(attrib_table) do
    output = output .. ",\"" .. attribute .. "\""
  end
  output = output .. "\n"

  -- gather host data from fields, add to output.
  for name, attribs in pairs(host_table) do
    output = output .. "\"" .. name .. "\""
    local host_attribs = attribs.attributes
    for attribute, value in pairs(attrib_table) do
      output = output .. ",\"" .. host_attribs[attribute] .. "\""
    end
    output = output .. "\n"
  end

  -- write the output to file
  if ( not(f:write( output .."\n" ) ) ) then
    f:close()
    return false, ("ERROR: Failed to write file (%s)"):format(filename)
  end

  f:close()
  return true
end


--- Extract naming context from a search response
--
-- @param searchEntries table containing searchEntries from a searchResponse
-- @param attributeName string containing the attribute to extract
-- @return table containing the attribute values
function extractAttribute( searchEntries, attributeName )
  local attributeTbl = {}
  for _, v in ipairs( searchEntries ) do
    if ( v.attributes ~= nil ) then
      for _, attrib in ipairs( v.attributes ) do
        local attribType = attrib[1]
        for i=2, #attrib do
          if ( attribType:upper() == attributeName:upper() ) then
            table.insert( attributeTbl, attrib[i])
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
  return ( #attributeTbl > 0 and attributeTbl or nil )
end

--- Convert Microsoft Active Directory timestamp format to a human readable form
--  These values store time values in 100 nanoseconds segments from 01-Jan-1601
--
-- @param timestamp Microsoft Active Directory timestamp value
-- @return string containing human readable form
function convertADTimeStamp(timestamp)

  local result = 0
  -- Windows cannot represent this time, so we pre-calculated it:
  -- seconds since 1601/1/1 adjusted for local offset
  local base_time = -11644473600 - datetime.utc_offset()

  timestamp = tonumber(timestamp)

  if (timestamp and timestamp > 0) then

    -- The result value was 3036 seconds off what Microsoft says it should be.
    -- I have been unable to find an explanation for this, and have resorted to
    -- manually adjusting the formula.

    result = ( timestamp //  10000000 ) - 3036
    result = result + base_time
    result = datetime.format_timestamp(result, 0)
  else
    result = 'Never'
  end

  return result

end

--- Converts a non-delimited Zulu timestamp format to a human readable form
--  For example 20110904003302.0Z becomes 2001/09/04 00:33:02 UTC
--
--
-- @param timestamp in Zulu format without separators
-- @return string containing human readable form
function convertZuluTimeStamp(timestamp)

  if ( type(timestamp) == 'string' and string.sub(timestamp,-3) == '.0Z' ) then

    local year  = string.sub(timestamp,1,4)
    local month = string.sub(timestamp,5,6)
    local day   = string.sub(timestamp,7,8)
    local hour  = string.sub(timestamp,9,10)
    local mins  = string.sub(timestamp,11,12)
    local secs  = string.sub(timestamp,13,14)
    local result = year .. "/" .. month .. "/" .. day .. " " .. hour .. ":" .. mins .. ":" .. secs .. " UTC"

    return result

  else
    return 'Invalid date format'
  end

end

--- Converts the objectSid Active Directory attribute
--  from hex to a human readable string
--
--  Example: 1-5-21-542885397-2936741293-3965599772-500
--
-- @param hex string form of objectSid from LDAP response
-- @return string containing human readable form
function convertObjectSid(data)

  local pos, revision, auth, sub_auth_size, sub_auth, result

  revision, pos = string.unpack('I1', data, 1)
  sub_auth_size, pos = string.unpack('I1', data, pos)
  auth, pos = string.unpack('>I6', data, pos)

  sub_auth = ''
  local tmp
  local cnt = 0
  while (cnt < sub_auth_size) do
    tmp, pos = string.unpack('<I4', data, pos)
    sub_auth = sub_auth .. '-' .. tmp
    cnt = cnt + 1
  end

  result = revision .. '-' .. auth .. sub_auth
  return result

end

--- Creates a copy of a table
--
--
-- @param targetTable  table object to copy
-- @return table object containing copy of original
function copyTable(targetTable)
  local temp = { }
  for key, val in pairs(targetTable) do
    temp[key] = val
  end
  return setmetatable(temp, getmetatable(targetTable))
end

return _ENV;

Youez - 2016 - github.com/yon3zu
LinuXploit